Π Π°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π° ΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π² Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΌ
ΠΡΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡΡ Π² ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠ°Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Ρ ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡΡ -Π²ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π»ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠ°Π΄ΠΊΠΈ ΠΠ΅Π½Π³Π΅ ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΈΠ· Π³Π»Π°Π²Π½ΡΡ ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠ² ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ³Π΅Π½Π° (Handler et al., 2004). ΠΡΠΈ Π²Π½Π΅ΡΠ½Π΅ΠΌ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΠ·Π°Π·Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ³Π΅Π½ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠ½Π΅Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ. ΠΠ°ΠΊ… Π§ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡ Π΅ΡΡ >
- Π‘ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅
- ΠΡΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΊΠ°
- ΠΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ°
- ΠΡΡΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ
- ΠΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡ Π² Π½Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ
Π‘ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅
- 1. ΠΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅
- 2. ΠΠ±Π·ΠΎΡ Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ
- 2. 1. ΠΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π½Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡΡ
Π² ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠ°Ρ
Π±ΠΈΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Ρ
- 2. 1. 1. Π‘ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Ρ
- 2. 1. 2. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡΡ (SIT)
- 2. 1. 3. ΠΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ SIT ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠΈΠ½ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΠΈ
- 2. 1. 4. ΠΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ SIT Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΌΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ°
- 2. 1. 5. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΉ
- 2. 2. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π½Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡΡ
- 2. 2. 1. Π -ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ
- 2. 2. 2. Hermes
- 2. 2. 3. Minos ΠΈ mariner
- 2. 2. 4. piggyBac
- 2. 2. 5. Π‘Π°ΠΉΡ-ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ²
- 2. 2. 6. ΠΠ°ΡΠΊΠ΅ΡΡ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ³Π΅Π½Π΅Π·Π°
- 2. 3. Π ΠΈΡΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ³Π΅Π½Π° ΠΈ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Ρ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ
- 2. 3. 1. ΠΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Ρ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ³Π΅Π½Π° Π² ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ
- 2. 3. 2. Π‘ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ²
- 2. 4. ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ Π΄Π²Ρ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ² ΠΠΠ
- 2. 4. 1. ΠΠ΅Ρ Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π΄Π²ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²
- 2. 4. 2. ΠΠ΅Π³Π°Π½ΡΠΊΠ»Π΅Π°Π·Ρ 1−8ΡΠ΅ I ΠΈ 1-Π‘Π³Π΅ I
- 2. 4. 3. ΠΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅Π³Π°Π½ΡΠΊΠ»Π΅Π°Π· ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ Π΄Π²ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ² ΠΠΠ Π² ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΠ³ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΠ°
- 2. 5. ΠΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ²
- 2. 1. ΠΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π½Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡΡ
Π² ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠ°Ρ
Π±ΠΈΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Ρ
- 3. ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ
- 3. 1. ΠΠ΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ
- 3. 1. 1. ΠΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΈ/), melanogaster, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π²ΡΠΈΠ΅ΡΡ Π² ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅
- 3. 1. 2. Π’ΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΌΠ±ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² Π), melanogaster ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΉ
- 3. 1. 3. ΠΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΎΠΌΡ, Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΉ Π½Π°Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡ Π²ΡΡΡΠΎΠ΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ Π² Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΡ
- 3. 1. 4. ΠΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ² Π¬ΠΡΠ΅ I ΠΈ 1-Π‘Π³Π΅ I Π² Π»Π°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΈ
- 3. 1. 5. ΠΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄ΡΠ°ΠΉΠ²Π΅ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠ΅Π³Π°Π½ΡΠΊΠ»Π΅Π°Π· 1−8ΡΠ΅ I ΠΈ 1-Π‘Π³Π΅ 1 Π² ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΈ
- 3. 1. 6. ΠΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΠ°Π·Ρ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
- 3. 2. ΠΠΈΠΎΡ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ
- 3. 2. 1. ΠΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΠΠ ΠΈΠ· ?>. melanogaster
- 3. 2. 2. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ (ΠΠ¦Π ). ΠΡΠ°ΠΉΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π²ΡΠΈΠ΅ΡΡ Π² ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅
- 3. 2. 3. ΠΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅
- 3. 2. 4. ΠΡΠΈΠ³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΈ Π. ΡΠΎΠ ΠΠ5Π°
- 3. 2. 5. Π’ΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Π±Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΠΈΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ
- 3. 2. 6. ΠΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΠΠ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΠΈΠ΄ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠ°
- 3. 2. 7. ΠΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΠΠ
- 3. 2. 8. Π‘ΠΏΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΠΠ
- 3. 3. Π‘ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ
- 3. 3. 1. ΠΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΡ Casper transgene stability (CTS)
- 3. 3. 2. ΠΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΡ phiC31TS51D
- 3. 3. 4. Π‘ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ phiC31TS51D2xSce
- 3. 1. ΠΠ΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ
- 4. 1. Π Π°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π° Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ°ΠΉΡ-Π½Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ D. melanogaster
- 4. 1. 1. ΠΡΠ±ΠΎΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ° ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π΄Π²ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ² ΠΠΠ Π² ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π°
- 4. 1. 2. NHEJ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Π΄Π²ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ² ΠΠΠ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ± Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠ»Π΅ΡΠ° ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠ½Π°
- 4. 2. Π Π°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π° Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ°ΠΉΡ-ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ D. melanogaster
- 4. 2. 1. Π‘ΡΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ² Π·Π° ΡΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠ»Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠ½Π° Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ SSA ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ Π΄Π²ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ² ΠΠΠ
- 4. 2. 2. ΠΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ»Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ± ΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ²
Π Π°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π° ΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π² Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΌ (ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Ρ, ΠΊΡΡΡΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ, Π΄ΠΈΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ)
ΠΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ ΠΈ Π² ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π° Π½Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡΡ (Zhu et al., 2002; Horn, Wimmer, 2003) ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ²Π½Π°Ρ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ° Π½Π°Π΄ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ², Π½Π΅ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΠ΅Π½Π³Π΅ (Ito et al., 2002; Lara Capurro de et al., 2000), Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΌ, ΡΡΠΎ Π²Π½Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Ρ ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π²ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Ρ Π½Π°Π΄ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΌΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡΡ Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΎ Π±Π»ΠΈΠΆΠ°ΠΉΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π±ΡΠ΄ΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ. ΠΡΠΈ Π²Π½Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π² ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡ Π²ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π·Π°Π΄Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΉ, ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ±Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ Π±Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅Ρ Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ° ΠΈ ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠΆΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Ρ. Π‘ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠ°Ρ ΡΠ΅ΠΉΡΠ°Ρ ΡΠ΅Ρ Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡΡ Π½Π΅ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΡΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ.
ΠΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡΡ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Π² Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΏΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ° Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π° Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Π½Π΅Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠ½ΡΡ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΉ Π²Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»Ρ, ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°ΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΠΎΡΡ (TIR ΠΎΡ Π°Π½Π³Π». — terminal inverted repeats) ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠ½Π°, ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΌΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ³Π΅Π½Π° (Finnegan, 1989; Handler et al., 2004). ΠΡΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ³Π΅Π½ ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ TIR ΠΌΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°. ΠΠ±Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΠΎΡΠ° Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΈ ΡΠ·Π½Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΠ·Π°Π·ΠΎΠΉ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ Π²ΡΡΠ΅Π·Π°Π΅Ρ ΡΠ»Π°Π½ΠΊΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ· ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ° Π² Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ ΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ Π΅Π΅ Π² Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠ΅ («cut and paste» ΠΌΠ΅Ρ Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ).
ΠΡΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡΡ Π² ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠ°Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Ρ ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡΡ -Π²ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π»ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠ°Π΄ΠΊΠΈ ΠΠ΅Π½Π³Π΅ ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΈΠ· Π³Π»Π°Π²Π½ΡΡ ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠ² ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ³Π΅Π½Π° (Handler et al., 2004). ΠΡΠΈ Π²Π½Π΅ΡΠ½Π΅ΠΌ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΠ·Π°Π·Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ³Π΅Π½ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠ½Π΅Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ. ΠΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ ΡΠ΅Π±Ρ ΡΠΎΡ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ³Π΅Π½, ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΡ Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ (Fraser et al., 2000; Perera et al., 2002; Sethuraman et al., 2007). Π ΠΈΡΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ°Π΅Ρ ΠΈ ΡΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π³ΠΎΡΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΡ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠ΅Π΅ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡ Ρ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡΡ (Engels et al., 1992; Kidwell et al., 1992). ΠΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²Π° ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½Ρ ΠΊ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ, Ρ. Π΅. ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΠ·Π°Π·Π° ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠΏΠ° ΠΌΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ Π²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΠΈ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠ½Π° (Robertson, Lampe, 1995; Handler, McCombs, 2000).
ΠΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π·Π°Π΄Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π° ΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π² Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΌ. Π ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ Ρ ΡΡΠΈΠΌ, ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡ Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ ΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π² Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π½Π° Π±Π°Π·Π΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ Π΄Π²ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ² ΠΠΠ.
ΠΠ»Ρ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π·Π°Π΄Π°ΡΠΈ:
1. Π Π°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΡ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ ΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΠΉΡ-Π½Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π² Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ Π΄Π²ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ² ΠΠΠ Π² ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ Dro-sophila melanogaster.
2. ΠΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π΄Π²ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ² ΠΠΠ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π° ΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ².
3. ΠΡΠΎΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ Ρ Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅Ρ Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΡΠΈΠΉ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π°, Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ Π΄Π²ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ².
4. Π Π°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΡ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ ΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΠΉΡ-ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π² Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π·Π° ΡΡΠ΅Ρ SSA ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ Π΄Π²ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ² ΠΠΠ Π² ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ D. melanogaster.
5. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΄Π°Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΠ»Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π½Π΅Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² Π Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΠΏΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΉ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ ΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ³Π΅Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π² Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΏΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°, ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ Π½Π° ΡΠ°ΠΉΡ-Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠ»Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠ½Π° Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ Π΄Π²ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ² ΠΠΠ.
ΠΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΡ Π΅ΠΌΡ ΡΡΡΠΎΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ» ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ Π±ΡΡΡ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½ΡΡ Π²Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ³Π΅Π½Π΅Π·Π° Π½Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡΡ Π² ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠ°Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Ρ ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π²ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ (IPM program — ΠΎΡ Π°Π½Π³Π». Integrated pest management program). ΠΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ² ΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ², ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ Π²Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ³Π΅Π½Π΅Π·Π° ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ , ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ³Π΅Π½Π°ΠΌΠΈ.
2. ΠΠ±Π·ΠΎΡ Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ.
7. ΠΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ.
1. Π‘ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ ΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΠΉΡ-Π½Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π² Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ Π½Π° ΡΠ΄Π°Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠ»Π΅Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠ½Π° Π·Π° ΡΡΠ΅Ρ 1ΠΠΠ1 ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ Π΄Π²ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ² ΠΠΠ.
2. ΠΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΡΠΈΠΉ, Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π΄Π²ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ² ΠΠΠ ΠΏΠΎ Π«ΠΠ1 ΠΌΠ΅Ρ Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΡ, ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ Π² ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΌ 1000−2000 ΠΏ.Π½. ΠΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡ Π΄Π²ΡΠ½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ Ρ Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ Π΄Π²ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΠΠ.
3. Π‘ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ ΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΠΉΡ-ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π² Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ Π½Π° ΡΠ΄Π°Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π²ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠ½Π° Π·Π° ΡΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΠΠ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ Π΄Π²ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ² ΠΠΠ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΡΠ΄Π°Π»ΡΡΡ Π²ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠ»Π΅ΡΠΈ Π½Π΅Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠ΅ΡΡ.
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