ΠΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΠΏΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡΡΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅ Π΄Π²ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΉ
Π Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ: 1) ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΈΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ Π² Π΄Π²ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡΡ - 2) ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ Π½Π° ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΡ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠ°Ρ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ° Ρ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠΈΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ- 3) ΠΎΡ Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π²Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ½Π½ΡΡ ΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠΎΠ², Π²ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΎΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΌ- 4) ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠΈΡ … Π§ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡ Π΅ΡΡ >
- Π‘ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅
- ΠΡΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΊΠ°
- ΠΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ°
- ΠΡΡΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ
- ΠΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡ Π² Π½Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ
Π‘ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅
- Π‘ΠΏΠΈΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ
- Π¦Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ
- ΠΠ»Π°Π²Π° 1. ΠΠ±Π·ΠΎΡ Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ
- 1. 1. Π₯Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ°
- 1. 1. 1. 5'-Π½Π΅ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΡ
- 1. 1. 2. ΠΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠ°Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ°. ΠΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ· ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°
- 1. 1. 3. Π'-Π½Π΅ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΡ
- 1. 2. ΠΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡ Π ΠΠ-Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΠΎΠ²
- 1. 2. 1. ΠΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΠΎΠ²
- 1. 2. 2. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° Π½ΡΠΊΠ»Π΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ
- 1. 2. 2. 1. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ, ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ
- 1. 2. 2. 2. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ, ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
- 1. 2. 2. 3. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡΡ Π΄Π΅Π½Π΄ΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌ
- 1. 1. Π₯Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ°
- 1. 3. ΠΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΠΏΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ°
- 1. 3. 1. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΏΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ
- 1. 3. 2. ΠΠ΅ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΈΡΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ
- 1. 3. 2. 1. ΠΠ΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΠΏΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡΡΠΎΠ². ΠΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΡΠΈΡΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΡ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ²
- 1. 3. 2. 2. ΠΠ°Π½ΠΎΡ (ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΎΡΡ) Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ² Π² Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ Π³Π΅ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Ρ
- 2. 1. ΠΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°
- 2. 2. ΠΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠΎΠ², Π²ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΎΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΌ
- 2. 3. ΠΡΠΊΠ»Π΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ. GeneBank ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Ρ
- 2. 4. ΠΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ ΡΠΈΠΏΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΠΎΠ²
- 2. 5. ΠΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π ΠΠ
- 2. 6. ΠΡΠ°ΠΉΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ
- 2. 7. ΠΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΏΡΠΈΡ
- 2. 8. ΠΠΌΠΏΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΠ¦Π ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ° ΠΠΠ-ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΊ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
- 2. 9. ΠΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π·
- 2. 10. Π‘Π΅ΠΊΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΠΠ
- 2. 10. 1. ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ-ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ³ΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠ»Π΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ²
- 2. 10. 2. ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ»ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ³ΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠ»Π΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ²
- 2. 10. 3. Π Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ³ΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠ»Π΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ²
- 2. 11. ΠΠΎΠΌΠΏΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π½ΡΠΊΠ»Π΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ
- 2. 11. 1. ΠΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Π΅Π½Π΄ΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ
- 2. 11. 2. Π Π΅Π³ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·
- 2. 11. 3. ΠΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· Π²ΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ Π ΠΠ
- 2. 11. 4. ΠΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΌΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ Π² ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΠΉΡΠ°Ρ
- 2. 11. 5. Π‘ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²
- 3. 1. ΠΠ±ΡΠ°Ρ Ρ Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ° Π΄Π²ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΉ
- 3. 2. Π₯Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠΈΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ
- 3. 3. Π₯ΠΎΠ΄ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ Π² Π΄Π²ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡΡ
- 3. 4. ΠΠ΅ΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠΈΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ Π² ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΡ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ² Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ°
- 3. 5. ΠΠ΅ΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²
- 3. 6. Π ΠΠ-ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ° ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ² ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ Π½Π° ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΡ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠ°Ρ Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ°
- 3. 7. ΠΠ΅ΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ Ρ ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ²
- 4. 1. ΠΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΡ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ
- 4. 2. ΠΠ΅ΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΡ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ² Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ° ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΡ Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ²
- 4. 3. ΠΠ°ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ²
- 4. 4. ΠΠΈΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΉ Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ Π² ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Ρ ΠΎΠ·ΡΠΈΠ½Π΅
- 4. 5. ΠΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Ρ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡΡΠ° ΠΈ ΡΠΏΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ
ΠΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΠΏΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡΡΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅ Π΄Π²ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΉ (ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Ρ, ΠΊΡΡΡΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ, Π΄ΠΈΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ)
Π Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΡ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π ΠΠ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈ (Gojobori et al., 1990; Ito et al., 1991). ΠΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΉ Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΠΎΠ² Π²ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡ, ΡΡΠΎ Π»ΡΠ±Π°Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ½ΡΡ Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ°Π½ΡΠΎΠ² (Domingo et al., 1985, 1998). ΠΡΠΊΠ»Π΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ° Π½Π΅ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ, Π° Π²Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΡ Π² ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ, ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡ Π½Π΅ΠΊΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ. ΠΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΡ, Π²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΡ Π³Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ, Π΄ΠΎ ΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΡ ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ ΠΎΡ Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ. ΠΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π΅ Π½ΡΠΊΠ»Π΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠΈ Ρ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΌ ΡΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΠΌ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½, ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΡΡ Ρ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΉΠΎΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈ. Π’Π°ΠΊ, ΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π° Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ°Ρ Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ°Π±Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠ° Π½ΡΠΊΠ»Π΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΠ°ΠΉΡΠ°ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠ° VP1 (Kinnunen et al., 1990). Π ΡΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ, Π² Π½ΡΠΊΠ»Π΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π²ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠ° Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΏΠ°, ΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Ρ, ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ Π½Π΅ Π·Π°ΡΡΠ°Π³ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡΠ΅ ΠΌΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ. ΠΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠ², ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ Π·Π° ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡΡΠ° in vivo.
ΠΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΠΠ-ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠ², Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π΄Π½Π΅Π΅, ΠΈ Π ΠΠ-Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΈ, ΡΡΠΎ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΡ ΠΌΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ, ΠΈ, ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ, ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ Π½Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ (Gojobori et al., 1990). ΠΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ Π½Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΌΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ Π»ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅ΠΌ ΠΈ ΡΡΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈ ΠΌΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°ΡΡ Ρ.Π½. ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ — Ρ. Π΅. ΠΌΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ, Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΡ. ΠΡΠ΅ Π² 1965 Π³. Zukerkandl ΠΈ Pauling (1965) ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Ρ.Π½. ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΈΡ «ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ²». ΠΠ½Π° ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°Π΅Ρ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ²", Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ Π²ΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π² ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅ Π·Π°ΡΠΈΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΌΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ Π½Π° Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΡ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ. Π ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π° ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠ° Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ , ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΎ Π½Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Ρ Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½, Π² ΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΈ Π² Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ°Ρ ΠΏΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠ½Π°Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΠΎΠ² (Gojobory et al., 1990; Takeda et al., 1994; Zhang et al., 1999). ΠΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ, ΡΡΠ΄ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π²ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ» ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΡ, Π½Π΅ ΡΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΡΡ Π² ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ. Π ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, ΠΏΡΠΈ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ· Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ² Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΠ° ΡΡΡΡΠ° Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ Π½Π°Π΄ ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ (Martin et al., 1998). ΠΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΠΏΠ° Π»ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π² Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π½ΡΠΊΠ»Π΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄Π½ΡΡ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½.
Π‘Π»Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ, Π½Π΅ΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Π½Π° Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡ Π½ΡΠΊΠ»Π΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ, Π΄Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ Π² Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π±Π°Π½ΠΊΠΈ, ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡΡΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ, ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΡ Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΠΊ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΌ Π·Π°Π΄Π°ΡΠ°ΠΌ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΏΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ — Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π΅ΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ Π²ΡΠΏΡΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΏΡΠΈ Π·Π°Π½ΠΎΡΠ΅ Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΠ° ΠΈ Ρ. Π΄. ΠΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΡΡ Π² Π±Π°Π½ΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ, Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠ΅Π·Π΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ Π²ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠΊΡ Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΠΎΠ², Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠΈΠΏΡ «ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠΊ-ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΠΊ».
ΠΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡΡΠΎΠ², ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π° Π²ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΡΠΏΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ, Ρ.ΠΊ. Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π½Π΅ Π²ΡΠ΅Π³Π΄Π° ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΌ. ΠΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ°Π±Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡΡΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΡ (ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ) ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠ°Ρ Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ° Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΡΠΎΡΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π² ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΏΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡΡΠΎΠ² (ΡΠΌ. Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅).
ΠΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡ Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ°Π½ΡΠΎΠ², Π²ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΎΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΌ, ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΌΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ Π²Π΅ΡΠ²Ρ, ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ Π² ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΌΡΡΠ»Π΅ Π² ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΊΠ°Ρ Π³Π»ΠΎΠ±Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΡ ΠΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΠ΄ΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΠΎΡ ΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ (ΠΠΠ) ΠΏΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ°. ΠΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π² ΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΡΡ Π»ΠΈΡ Π²Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΆΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π² ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ 1−2 ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ΅Π², ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ°Π½ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ. Π ΡΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ, ΠΏΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΡ Π² Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ, Π² ΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ Π»ΠΈΡ Ρ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΡ Π²Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡΡΠ° ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ°ΡΡΡΡ Π² ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΈΡ Π»Π΅Ρ (Kew et al., 1998). Π₯ΠΎΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΠ»Ρ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅ΠΉ Π² ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ Π½Π΅Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ°, Π½Π΅Π»ΡΠ·Ρ ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ Π½Π° Π±Π°Π·Π΅ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎ Π΄Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ Π»ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΡΡΠΎΠΉΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π·Π΅ΡΠ²ΡΠ°Ρ Π΄Π΅ΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠΎΠ² Π²Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°. ΠΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΊ ΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠΉΠΊΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½Π½ΡΡ Π»ΠΈΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠΈΡ Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ°. ΠΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡΡΠ° Π² ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅ ΡΠΎ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΡΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΠΌ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡ ΠΠΠ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ.
Π Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡ Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΈΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ Π² Π΄Π²ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡΡ , ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π² Ρ ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ Π²ΡΠΏΡΡΠ΅ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ°, ΠΈ Π²Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎ-ΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, Π²ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΌ.
Π¦Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ.
Π Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ: 1) ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΈΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ Π² Π΄Π²ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡΡ - 2) ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ Π½Π° ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΡ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠ°Ρ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ° Ρ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠΈΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ- 3) ΠΎΡ Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π²Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ½Π½ΡΡ ΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠΎΠ², Π²ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΎΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΌ- 4) ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠΈΠΏΠ° 1 Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ Π½ΡΠΊΠ»Π΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ.
ΠΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ.
1. Π Π΄Π²ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡΡΠΎΠ², ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΉ Π°) ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ Π²Π΅ΡΠ²Ρ Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠΎΠ² Π’-Π³Π΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠΏΠ°, ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ Π² Ρ ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ Π²ΡΠΏΡΡΠ΅ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ° Π½Π° ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ Π±ΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π‘Π‘Π‘Π , ΠΈ Π±) ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠ° Π‘ΡΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π°, Π²ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°, ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ Π½ΡΠΊΠ»Π΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΠ½ΡΠΌ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠ°ΠΌ VP1, 2Π, 2 Π ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎ 2Π‘. ΠΠ»Ρ 9 Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ Π‘-ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅Ρ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠ° 3D.
2. ΠΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΈΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Π»ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉΠ½ΡΠΉ Ρ Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠΈΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ. ΠΠ° ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠ°Ρ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ° ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°ΡΡ Π½Π°Π΄ Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ. ΠΡΠΈ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΈΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΎ Π²Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠ² Π² ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°.
3. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ Π²ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ Π½Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ, ΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄Ρ Π½Π΅ΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ ΠΎΠ΄Π° «ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ²» ΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π° ΡΠ°Π·Π½Π°Ρ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΈΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΌΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ Π½Π° ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΡ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠ°Ρ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ°. ΠΡΠΈ ΠΎΡΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΎΠ± Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΌ Ρ Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΈΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΌΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ.
4. ΠΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π° Π°Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΊΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠ΅ VP1. ΠΡΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈ ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ «ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ·» ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΠ»Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π³Π΅ Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΈΠ½Π°. Π₯ΠΎΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ, ΡΡΠΎ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎΠ±Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠΈΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ Π½Π° ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΡ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠ°Ρ Π ΠΠ.
5. Π ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ Ρ Π½Π΅ΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ° ΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ Π΄Π΅Π½Π΄ΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌ, ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠΎΠ², Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΡ Π²ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠ° ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠ° Π ΠΠ, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°.
6. ΠΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ Π½ΡΠΊΠ»Π΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°, Π²ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ Π±ΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π‘Π‘Π‘Π Π² 1985;1995 Π³Π³, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ» ΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠ± ΠΈΡ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ .
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