Π Π°ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΠΎΠ»Ρ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ² ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΏΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ° CTCF Π² Π»ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠ΅ 19 Ρ ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ°
Π¦Π΅Π»ΡΡ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΠΉΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΏΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ° CTCF Π² Π»ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠ΅ 19 Ρ ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ°, Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎ 1 ΠΌΠ»Π½.ΠΏ.Π½., Π½Π°Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ FXYD5 ΠΈ Π‘ΠΎΡ 7Π1. ΠΡΠΎΡ Π»ΠΎΠΊΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΈΡ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π½ΡΠΊΠ»Π΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄Π½Π°Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π°, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π²ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ Ρ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ, ΡΠ°ΠΊ… Π§ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡ Π΅ΡΡ >
- Π‘ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅
- ΠΡΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΊΠ°
- ΠΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ°
- ΠΡΡΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ
- ΠΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡ Π² Π½Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ
Π‘ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅
- Π‘ΠΏΠΈΡΠΎΠΊ ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ
- 1. ΠΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅
- 2. ΠΠ±Π·ΠΎΡ Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ
- 2. 1. Π’ΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΏΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΡ, ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½ ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΡ ΠΏΠ°Π»ΡΡΠ΅Π²
- 2. 2. CTCF — ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Ρ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ², ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠ²Ρ ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΡ ΠΏΠ°Π»ΡΡΠ΅Π²
- 2. 3. Π‘ΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ
- 2. 4. ΠΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠ° CTCF ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ
- 2. 5. Π€ΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΏΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ° CTCF
- 2. 5. 1. Π Π΅Π³ΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΏΡΠΈΠΈ
- 2. 5. 2. ΠΠ·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ CTCF Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ²
- 2. 5. 3. ΠΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Ρ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΠ½Π³Π° Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ
- 2. 6. Boris
- 2. 7. CTCF ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½Π΅ΠΉ 37 2.8 ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΠΠ-Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΡ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΉ
- 2. 9. Π‘Π΄Π²ΠΈΠ³ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π²ΠΈΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π³Π΅Π»Π΅
- 2. 10. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Ρ ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ½Π°
- 2. 11. ΠΠΠ-Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΡΠΎΡΡ-ΡΡΠΈΠ²ΠΊΠΈ (DNA-protein crosslinking assay, DPC)
Π Π°ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΠΎΠ»Ρ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ² ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΏΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ° CTCF Π² Π»ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠ΅ 19 Ρ ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ° (ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Ρ, ΠΊΡΡΡΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ, Π΄ΠΈΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ)
Π‘ΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ΅ΡΡ Π² ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ» ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ (Lander et.al., 2001). Π ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, Π±ΡΠ»Π° ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π°Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ° ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ° ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π² Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ° Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ². ΠΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ, ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π΄Π°Π»Π΅ΠΊΠΎ Π½Π΅ Π²ΡΠ΅Π³Π΄Π°. ΠΠ»Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΎΠΉ Π·Π°Π΄Π°ΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΡ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π½Π°ΡΠΊΠΈ: Π±ΠΈΠΎΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ, Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ, Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ, ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ, Π±ΠΈΠΎΡ ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Ρ. Π΄. ΠΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ — ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅Ρ Π² ΡΠ΅Π±Ρ Π³Π»Π°Π²Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΡ, Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ Π² Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ².
Π ΡΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ Π½Π΅ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ², ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π΅ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Π»Ρ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ. ΠΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ ΡΠ»ΡΠΆΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ½Ρ Π°Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΡ, ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΡΡ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΏΡΠΈΠΈ, ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΠΠ Ρ ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»Π° ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ, ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ° ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Ρ. Π΄. Π Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ, ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ ΠΎ Π½ΡΠΊΠ»Π΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΠΠ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Ρ. ΠΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΈΠ· ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ² ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ, ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΎΠ΄. ΠΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ Ρ ΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΡ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅Π³ΡΠ°Π΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ² ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ° ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ.
ΠΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½Ρ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ Ρ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΠΠ. Π‘Π²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ² Ρ ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΠΠ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π³Π»Π°Π²Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ Ρ ΡΡΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΡ. Π‘ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ², Π²ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅ΡΡΠ½Π½ΡΡ Π² ΡΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ², ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΈ, Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΡ ΡΡΠ°ΠΏΠ°Ρ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ²: ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠΈΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ½Π³Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΏΡΠΈΠΈ, ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ.
Π¦Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΈ Π·Π°Π΄Π°ΡΠΈ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ.
Π¦Π΅Π»ΡΡ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΠΉΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΏΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ° CTCF Π² Π»ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠ΅ 19 Ρ ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ°, Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎ 1 ΠΌΠ»Π½.ΠΏ.Π½., Π½Π°Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ FXYD5 ΠΈ Π‘ΠΎΡ 7Π1. ΠΡΠΎΡ Π»ΠΎΠΊΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΈΡ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π½ΡΠΊΠ»Π΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄Π½Π°Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π°, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π²ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ Ρ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°ΡΡ Π²ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΎ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΊ-ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΈΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ.
ΠΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π·Π°Π΄Π°ΡΠΈ:
— Π²ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΡ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π° ΡΠ΄Π²ΠΈΠ³Π° ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π²ΠΈΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ (EMSA) ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠ° CTCF Π² Π»ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠ΅ 19 Ρ ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ° ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ FXYD5 ΠΈ Π‘ΠΎΡ 7Π1;
— ΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΠΠ, ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΡΡ Ρ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΎΠΌ CTCF;
— Π²ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΡ ΡΡΠ°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ ΠΠΠ, ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΡΡ Ρ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΎΠΌ CTCF in vivo Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Ρ ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ½Π° (ChlP-assay), ΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΡΡ ΠΈΡ Ρ Π²ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π² ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ in vitro;
— ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠΈΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΠΉΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ CTCF Π² Π»ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠ΅ 19 Ρ ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ° ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ FXYD5 ΠΈ Π‘ΠΎΡ 7Π1.
2.0Π±Π·ΠΎΡ Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ.
ΠΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ.
1. Π‘ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π° Π΄Π²ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ EMSA Π±ΡΠ»Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π° Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ° ΡΡΠ°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² 19 Ρ ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ° Π»ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠ° FXYD5-COX7A1 Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ ΠΌΠΈΠ»Π»ΠΈΠΎΠ½ ΠΏΠ°Ρ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΡΡ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΏΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ CTCF.
2. Π ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΈ, Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ² ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ CTCF Π² Π»ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠ΅ 19 Ρ ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ°.
3. ΠΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ² Π»ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠ° FXYD5-COX7A1.ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΈΠ· Π΄Π΅ΡΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠΈ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ² (ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΈΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Π² ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ ), ΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ Π² ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠ°Ρ Π»ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠ°.
4. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Ρ ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ½Π° Π΄ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ΅Ρ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΏΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ CTCF in vivo.
5. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ, ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ, ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½Ρ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΏΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ CTCF in vivo.
Π― Ρ ΠΎΡΡ Π²ΡΡΠ°Π·ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΌΡΡ ΠΈΡΠΊΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Ρ ΠΊ.Π±.Π½. Π‘Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅ΠΉ ΠΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ ΠΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ Π·Π° ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΊΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΠ°ΠΏΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ.
ΠΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ°Ρ Π³Π»ΡΠ±ΠΎΠΊΡΡ Π±Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π·Π°Π²Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ Π‘ΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ ΠΈ Π€ΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ² Π§Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ° Π°ΠΊΠ°Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ ΠΠ²Π³Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ Π‘Π²Π΅ΡΠ΄Π»ΠΎΠ²Ρ, Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Ρ Π·Π°Π²Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π»Π°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ½Π΅ Π‘Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅Π΅Π²Π½Π΅ ΠΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΡΡΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ, ΠΡΠ²Ρ ΠΡΠΈΠ³ΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π²ΠΈΡΡ ΠΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ»Π°Π΅Π²Ρ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Ρ Π»Π°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ Π·Π° Π΄ΡΡΠΆΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΠ΅Π· ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Π΄ΡΡΠΆΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅ Π΅Π΅ Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ Π±Ρ Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ.
Π‘ΠΏΠΈΡΠΎΠΊ Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ
- «ΠΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ°. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ». Π‘Π±ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ ΡΠ΅Π΄. ΠΠ΅ΠΉΠ²ΠΈΡ, Π., ΠΠ°Π½ΡΠΈΠ½Π³, Π., ΠΠ°Π½ΡΠΎΡ, Π§., ΠΠΎΠ»Π»ΠΈΠ½Π· Π€. ΠΈ Π΄Ρ. ΠΠ΅Ρ. Ρ Π°Π½Π³Π». ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ ΡΠ΅Π΄. Π. Π. ΠΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°. Π.: ΠΠΈΡ, 1990,247Ρ.
- ΠΠ°ΡΡΡΡΠ΅Π² Π.Π. «ΠΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ²». ΠΠΎΡΠΊΠ²Π°, ΠΠ°ΡΠΊΠ°, 2000, 830 ΡΡΡ.
- Adams D. van der Weyden L., Kovacic. A., Lovicu F., Copeland N., Gillbert D., Jenkins N., Ioannou P., Morris Π., (2000). Chromosome localization and characterization of the mouse and human zinc finger protein 265 gene. Cytogenet. Cell. Genet., 88, 68−73
- Ansari, S. A., Safak, M., Gallia, G. L., Sawaya, Π. E., Amini, S., and Khalili, K.(1999). Interaction of YB-1 with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Tat and TAR RNA modulates viral promoter activity. J. Gen. Virol. 80,2629−2638
- Antes, T.J., Namciu, S.J., Fournier, R.E. and Levy-Wilson, B. (2001). The 5' boundary of the human apolipoprotein Π chromatin domain in intestinal cells. Biochemistry 40(23), 6731−6742
- Antonio L. Amelio, Peterjon K. McAnany, and David C. Bloom (2006). Virus Type 1 Latency-Associated Transcript Region Binds CCCTC-Binding Factor and Displays Enhancer-Blocking and Silencing Activities. J. Virol., 80, 2358−2368
- Arnold, R. Burcin, M. Kaiser, B. Muller, M. Renkawitz, R. (1996). DNA bending by the silencer protein NePl is modulated by TR and RXR. Nucleic Acids Res. Jul 15- 24(14): 2640−2647
- Baniahmad A., Steiner C., Kohne A.C., Renkawitz R. (1990). Modular structure of a chicken lysozyme silencer: involvement of an unusual thyroid hormone receptor binding site. Cell, 61,505−514
- Bell A.C. and Felsenfeld (1999). Stopped at the border: boundaries and insulators. Curr. Opin. Genet. Dev., 9, 191−198
- Bell A.C. and Felsenfeld G.(2000). Methylation of a CTCF-dependent boundary controls imprinted expression of the Igf2 gene. Nature, 405, 482−485
- Bi X. and Broach J.(2001). Chromosomal boundaries in S.cerevisiae. Curr.Opin.Genet.Dev., 11,199−204
- Bigler, J. Eisenman, R.N. (1995) «Novel location and function of a thyroid hormone response element». EMBO J. Nov 15- 14(22): 5710−23
- Blackwood E., Kadonaga J. (1998). Going the distance: a current view of enhanser action. Science 281, 60−63
- Buck M. and Lieb J. (2004). Chip-chip: considerations for the design, analysisand aplication of the genome-wide chromatin immunoprecipitationexperiments. Genomics 83: 349−360
- Burcin, M. et al. (1997). Negative protein 1, which is required for function of the chicken lysozyme gene silencer in conjunction with hormone receptors, is identical to the multivalent zinc finger repressor CTCF. Mol. Cell. Biol. 17, 1281−1288.
- Burke, L.J. Zhang, R. Lutz, M. Renkawitz, R. (2002) «The thyroid hormone receptor and the insulator protein CTCF: two different factors with overlapping functions». J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. Dec- 83(1−5): 49−57
- Carter D., Chakalova L., Osborne C., Dai Y., Fraser P.(2002). Long range chromatin regulatory in vivo. Nat.Genet.32 623−26
- Cann J. R. (1998) Theoretical studies on the mobility-shift assay of protein-DNA complexes, Electrophoresis, Vol. 19, No. 2, 127−141
- Celis J. E., Fink M., Kaltoft K. (1986). On the use of ultraviolet light to study protein-DNA cross-linking for genomewide binding microarray. Methods 31: 90−95
- Chau M.C., Zhang X.Y., McMahon S.B., Lieberman P.M. (2006). Regulation of Epstein-Barr Virus latency type by the chromatin boundary factor CTCF. J Vir., 80 (12), 5723−5732
- Chen N.N. and Khalili, K. (1995) Transcriptional regulation of human JC polyomavirus promoters by cellular proteins YB-1 and Pur a in glial cells. J. Virol., 69, 5843−5848
- Chen S. and Corces V.G. (2001). The gypsy insulator of Drosophila affects chromatin structure in a directional manner. Genetics, v.159, 1649−1658
- Chernov I.P., Akopov S.B., Nikolaev L. G, and Sverdlov E.D. (2006). Identification and mapping of DNA binding proteins target sequences in long genomic regions by two-dimensional EMSA. BioTechniques 41:90−96
- Chernukhin I., Shamsuddin S., Robinson A., Carne A., Paul A., El-Kady A., Lobanenkov V., and Klenova E. (2000). Physical and Functional Interaction between
- Two Pluripotent Proteins, the Y-box DNA/RNA-binding Factor, YB-1, and the Multivalent Zinc Finger Factor CTCF. Journal of Biological chemistry Vol. 275, No. 38,29 915−29 921.
- Chodosh L. A., Carthew R. W., and Sharp P. A. (1986). A single polypeptide possesses the binding and transcription activities of the adenovirus major late transcription factor, Mol Cell Biol, Vol. 6, β. 12,4723−4733
- Chung, J.H., Whiteley, M. and Felsenfeld, G. (1993). A 5' element of the chicken beta-globin domain serves as an insulator in human erythroid cells and protects against position effect in Drosophila. Cell 74(3), 505−514
- Cook P.R. (2003). Nongenic trascription, gene regulation and action at a distance. J. CellScL, 116,4483−4491
- Das P.M., Ramachandran K., van Wert J., Singal R. (2004). Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. BioTechiques 37: 961−969
- Davies, R.C., Calvio, C., Bratt, E., Larsson, S.H., Lamond, A.I., Hastie, N.D. (1998) «WT1 interacts with the splicing factor U2AF65 in an isoform-dependent manner and can be incorporated into spliceosomes.» Genes & Dev. 12: 3217 3225.
- Defossez P. and E. Gilson (2002). The vertebrate protein CTCF functions as an insulator in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Nucleic Acids Research, 30: 5136−5141
- Delgado M.D., Chernukhin I.V., Bigas A., Klenova E.M., Leon J. (1999). Differential expression and phoshorylation of CTCF, a c-myc trascriptional regulator, during differentiation of human myeloid cells. FEBS Letters 444 5−10
- DePinho, R.A. (1998). Transcriptional repression: The cancer-chromatin connection." Nature 391, 533 534
- Dignam J. D., Lebovitz R. M., and Roeder R. G. (1983). Accurate transcription initiation by RNA polymerase II in a soluble extract from isolated mammalian nuclei, Nucleic Acids Research, Vol. 11, β. 5, 1475−1489
- Drueppel, L. Pfleiderer, K. Schmidt, A. Hillen, W. Berens, C. (2004) «A short autonomous repression motif is located within the N-terminal domain of CTCF». FEBS Lett. Aug 13- 572(1−3): 154−8
- Dunaway M., Hwang J., Xiong M. and Yuen H.L. (1997). The activity of the scs and scs' insulator elements is not depend on chromosomal context. Molecular and Cellular Biology, 17,182−189
- Dunn K.L. and Davie J.R. (2003).The many roles of the trascriptional regulator CTCF. Biochemical Cell Biology, 81, 161−167
- El-Kady, A. Klenova, E. (2005) «Regulation of the transcription factor, CTCF, by phosphorylation with protein kinase CK2″. FEBS Lett. Feb 28- 579 (6): 1424−34
- Engel N., West A. Felsenfeld G., Bartolamei M. (2004). Antagonism between DNA hypermethylation and enhancer-blocking activity at the H19 DMD is uncovered by CpG mutations. Nat.Genet., 36, 883−888
- Farrell, C.M. West, A.G. Felsenfeld, G. (2002) „Conserved CTCF insulator elements flank the mouse and human beta-globin loci“. Mol Cell Biol. Jun- 22 (11): 3820−31
- Fedoriw A., Stein P., Svoboda P., Schultz R., Bartolomei M. (2004). Trasgenenic RNAi reveals essential function for CTCF in H19 gene imprinting. Science 303, 238−240
- Feng, J., Funk, W. D» Wang, S.S., Weinrich, S.L., Avilion, A.A., Chiu, C.P., Adams, R.R., Chang, E., Allsopp, R.C. and Yu, J. (1995) The RNA component of human telomerase. Science, 269, 1236−1241.
- Filippova, G. et al. (1996). «An exceptionally conserved transcriptional repressor, CTCF, employs different combinations of zinc fingers to bind diverged promoter sequences of avian and mammalian c-myc oncogenes.» Moi. Cell. Biol. 16, 28 022 813.
- Filippova G.N., Thienes CP, Penn BH, Cho DH, Hu YJ, Moore JM, Klesert TR, Lobanenkov VV, Tapscott SJ (2001). CTCF-binding sites flank CTG/CAG repeats and form a methylation-sensitive insulator at the DM1 locus. Nat Genet 28: 335−343
- Filippova, Galina N. Qi, Chen-Feng, Ulmer, J. E. et al. (2002). «Tumor-associated Zinc Finger Mutations in the CTCF Transcription Factor Selectively Alter Its DNA-binding Specificity.» Cancer Res. 62:48 52.
- Fleischer, T.C., Yun, U.J. Ayer, D.E. (2003) «Identification and characterization of three new components of the mSin3A corepressor complex». Mol Cell Biol. May- 23(10): 3456−67
- Fox A.H., Chu Liew, Melissa Holmes, Kasper Kowalski, Joel Mackay and Merlin Crossley (1999). Transcriptional cofactors of the FOG family interact with GATA proteins by means of multiple zinc fingers. EMBO18,2812−2822
- Friedman J., Frederics W., Jensen D., Speicher D., Huang X., Neilson E., Rauscher F., (1996). KAP-1, a novel corepressor for the highly conserved KRAB repression domain. Genes Dev., 10,2067−2078
- Fried M., Crothers D.M. (1981). Equilibria and kinetics of lac repressor-operator interactions by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Nucleic Acids Res., Dec- 9: 6505 -6525
- Gaszner M. and Felsenfeld G. (2006). Insulators: exploiting transcriptional and epigenetic mechanisms. Nature Reviews Genetics 8, 703−713
- Gerasimova T.I. and Corces V.G. (2001). Chromatin insulators and boundaries: effects on transcription and nuclear organization. Annu. Rev. Genet, v.35, 193−208
- Geyer, P.K. and Corces, V.G. (1992). DNA position-specific repression of transcription by a Drosophila zinc finger protein. Genes Dev 6(10), 1865−1873
- Geyer, P.K., Green, M.M. and Corces, V.G. (1990). Tissue-specific transcriptional enhancers may act in trans on the gene located in the homologous chromosome: the molecular basis of transvection in Drosophila. EmboJ 9(7), 2247−2256
- Gombert W.M., Farris S.D., Rubio E.D., Morey-Rosler K.M., Schubach W.H., Krumm (2003). The c-myc insulator element and matrix attachment regions define the c-myc chromosomal domain. MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOLOGY, Vol. 23, № 24, 9338−9348
- Grondin Π., Bazinet M., Aubry (1996). The KRAB zinc finger gene ZNF74 encodes an RNA-binding protein tightly associated with the nuclear matrix. J. Biol. Chem., 271, 15 458−15 467
- Grondin, Π., Cote, F., Bazinet, M" Vincent, M., Aubry, M. (1997) «Direct Interaction of the KRAB/Cys2-His2 Zinc Finger Protein ZNF74 with a Hyperphosphorylated Form of the RNA Polymerase II Largest Subunit.» J. Biol. Chem. 272: 27 877 27 885.
- Ghosh, D., Gerasimova, T.I. and Corces, V.G. (2001). Interactions between the Su (Hw) and Mod (mdg4) proteins required for gypsy insulator function. Embo J 20(10), 2518−2527
- Hammilton Π’., Borel. F., Romaniuk P., (1998). Comparison of the DNA binding characteristics of the related zinc finger proteins WT1 and EGR1. Biochemistry, 37, 2051−2058
- Hammes A., Guo J., Lutsch G., Leheste J, Landrock D., Ziegler U., Gubler M., Schedl A., (2001). Two splice variants of the Wilms' tumor 1 gene have distinct functions during sex determination and nephron formation. Cell., 106, 319−329
- Hark, A.T., Schoenherr, C.J., Katz, D.J., Ingram, R.S., Levorse, J.M., Tilghman, S.M. (2000) «CTCF mediates methylation-sensitive enhancer-blocking activity at the H19/Igf2 locus». Nature 405 (6785): 486−489.
- Heng, S. A. Krawetz, W. Lu, S. Bremer, G. Liu, C. J. Ye, (2001). Re-defining the chromatin loop domain, Cytogenet Cell Genet. 93 155−161
- Horikawa, I. and Barrett, J.C. (2003) Transcriptional regulation of the telomerase hTERT gene as a target for cellular and viral oncogenic mechanisms. Carcinogenesis, 24, 1167−1176
- Hormgren N. Kanduri Π‘., Dell G., Ward R., Mukhopadhya et.al. (2001). CpG methylation regulates the M2/H19 insulator. Current Biology 11, 1128−1130
- Inoue, H., Nojima, H. and Okayama, H. (1990). High efficiency transformation of Escherichia coli with plasmids. Gene 96(1), 23−28
- Ishihara and Sasaki (2002). An evolutional conserved putative insulator element near the 3' boundary of the imprinted Igf2/H19 domain. Human Molecular Genetics, v. 11 (14), 1627−1636
- Johnson P.E., McKnight S.L. (1989). Eukaryotic transcriptional regulatory proteins. Annu Rev. Biochem 58: 799−839
- Kadonaga J. and Tjian R. (1986). Affinity Purification of Sequence-Specific DNA Binding Proteins. PNAS, 83, 5889−5893
- Kadonaga, J.T. (2004). «Regulation of RNA polymerase II transcription by sequence-specific DNA binding factors.» Cell 116(2): 247−257.
- Kanduri, C. et al. (2000). «The 5'-flank of the murine HI 9 gene in an unusual chromatin conformation unidirectionally blocks enhancer-promoter communication.» Curr. Biol. 10,449157.
- Kellum, R. and Schedl, P. (1992). A group of scs elements function as domain boundaries in an enhancer-blocking assay. Mo I Cell Biol 12(5), 2424−243
- Kim, N.W., Piatyszek, M. A" Prowse, K.R., Harley, C.B., West, M.D., Ho, P.L., Coviello, G. M, Wright, W.E., Weinrich, S.L. and Shay, J.W. (1994) Specific association of human telomerase activity with immortal cells and cancer. Science, 266, 2011−2015
- Klenova E., Morse H., Ohlsson R., Lobanenkov V. V. (2002). The novel BORIS + CTCF gene family is uniquely involved in the epigenetics of normal biology and cancer, Semin Cancer Biol, Vol. 579, β. 6, 399−414.
- Klenova E., Lobanenkova V., Ohlosson (2004). The binding sites for the chromatin insulator protein CTCF map to DNA methylation-free domains genome wide. Genome research, 14, 1594−1602
- Kohne AC, Baniahmad A, Renkawitz R.(1993) NePl. A ubiquitous transcription factor synergizes with v-ERBA in transcriptional silencing. Mol Biol. 232(3):747−55
- G. W. Konat (1996). Chromatin structure and transcriptional activity of MAG gene. Acta Neurobiol Exp. 56: 281−285
- N. J. Kubat, R. K. Tran, P. McAnany, and D. C. Bloom (2004).The Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Latency-Associated Transcript (LAT) Enhancer/rcr Is Hyperacetylated during Latency Independently of LAT Transcription J. Virol. 78:1139−1149.
- Kuhn E.J. and Geyer, P.K. (2003). Genomic insulators: connecting properties to mechanism. Curr Opin Cell Biol 15(3), 259−265
- Ladomery, M., Marshall R., Arif L., Sommerville J., (2000). C4SR, a novel zinc-finger protein with SR-repeats, is expressed during early development of Xenopus. Gene, 256,293−302
- Ladomery, M. and Dellaire, G. (2002) «Multifunctional zinc finger proteins in development and disease.» Ann Hum Genet. 2002 66(Pt 5−6):331−42.
- Ladomery M. and Sommerville, J. (1995). A role for Y-box proteins in cell proliferation. Bioessays, 17, 9−11.
- Laemmli U.K. and Favre M., (1973) J.Mol.Biol., 80, 601−613
- Layti J., Dyson H., Wright P., (2000). Molecular basis for modulation of biological function by alternative splicing of the Wilms' tumor suppressor protein. PNAS, 97, 11 932−11 935
- Laybourn, P.J., Kadonaga, J.T. (1992). «Threshold phenomena and long-distance activation of transcription by RNA polymerase II.» Science 257(5077): 1682−5.
- Li, W. W., Hsiung, Y., Wong, V., Galvin, K., Zhou, Y., Shi, Y., and Lee, A. S. (1997). Suppression of grp78 core promoter element-mediated stress induction by the dbpA and dbpB (YB-1) cold shock domain proteins. Mol. Cell. Biol. 17, 61−68
- Li, H., Cao, Y., Berndt, M.C., Funder, J.W. and Liu, J.P. (1999) Molecular interactions between telomerase and the tumor suppressor protein p53 in vitro. Oncogene, 18, 6785−6794
- Loeb, D.D., Mack, A.A., Tian, R. (2002). «A Secondary Structure That Contains the 5' and 3' Splice Sites Suppresses Splicing of Duck Hepatitis Π Virus Pregenomic RNA.» J. Virol. 76:10 195 10 202.
- Magdinier F., Yusufzau T.M., Fenselfend G. (2004). Both CTCF-dependent and -independent insulators are found between the mouse T-cell receptor a and Dadl genes. J. Biol. Chem., 279: 25 381 25 389
- Manley J. L. Fire, A., Samuels, M. & Sharp, P. A. (1983). In vitro transcription: whole-cell extract. Methods Enzymol, Vol. 101, 568−582
- Melnikova L., Gause M. and Georgiev P. (2002). The gypsy insulators flanking yellow enhancers do not form a separate transcriptional domain in Drosophila melanogaster: the enhancers can activate an isolated yellow promoter. Genetics, 160, 1549−1560
- Mertens P.R., Alfonso-Jaume, M.A., Steinmann, K. and Lovett, D.H. (1998) A synergistic interaction of transcription factors AP2 and YB-1 regulates gelatinase A enhancer-dependent transcription. J. Biol. Chem., 273, 32 957−32 965
- Morin G.B. (1989). The human telomere terminal transferase enzyme is a ribonucleoprotein that synthesizes TTAGGG repeats. Cell, 59:521−529
- Morse R. H. (2003). Getting into chromatin: how do transcription factors get past the histones. Biochem Cell Biol, Vol. 81, β. 3, 101−112
- Nagaya S., Yoshida K., Kato K., Aksaka K. and Shinmyo (2001). An insulator element from the sea urchin Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus suppresses variation in transgene expression in cultured tobacco cells. Mol Gen Genomics, v.265, 405−413
- Nakano M., Yoshiura Π., Oikawa M., Miyoshi Π., Yamada Π., Kondo S., Miwa N., Soeda E., Jinno Y., Fujii T, Niikawa N., (1998). Identification, characterization and mapping of the human ZIS (zinc finger, splicing gene). Gene, 225, 59−65
- Nardelli J., Gibson Π’., Vesque C., Charnay P. (1991). Base sequence discrimination by zinc-finger DNA-binding domains. Nature, 349,175−178
- Nikolaev L.G. Glotov BO, Beliavskii AV, Levin AV. (1987). Characteristics of the protein specifically binding to the major late promoter of adenovirus type 2, Dokl AkadNaukSSSR., Vol. 294, β. 5, 1251−1254
- Nikolaev L.G. Glotov B.O., Belyavsky A.V., Grachev S.A., Levin A.V. (1988). Identification of sequence-specific DNA-binding factors by label transfer: application to the adenovirus-2 major late promoter, Nucleic Acids Research, Vol. 16, № 2, 519−535
- Orlando, 2000. Mapping chromosomal proteins in vivo by formaldehyde-crosslinked-chromatin immunoprecipitation, Trends Biochem Sci. 25 99−104
- Ogbourne, S. and Antalis, T.M. (1998). Transcriptional control and the role of silencers in transcriptional regulation in eukaryotes. Biochem J331(Pt 1), 1−14.
- Ohlsson, R., Renkawitz, R., Lobanenkov, V. (2001). «CTCF is a uniquely versatile transcription regulator linked to epigenetics and disease.» Trends Genet 17(9): 520−527.
- Π Oshiman, M Maeda, S Tamura, S Kaya, S Mahmood, MA Reuben, LS Lasater, G Sachs, and M Futai (1991). The rat H+/K (+)-ATPase beta subunit gene and recognition of its control region by gastric DNA binding protein. J. Biol. Chem., 266:21 584−21 588
- Papavassiliou A. and Silverstein S.(1990) Characterization of DNA-protein complex formation in nuclear extracts with a sequence from the herpes simplex virus. J.Biol.Chem. 265- 1648−1657
- Park Π., AtchinsonM. (1991). Isolation of a candidate repressor/activator, NF-E1, that binds to the immunoglobulin kappa 3'enhancer and the immunoglobulin heavy-chain mu El site. PNAS, 88, 809−817
- Percec I. and Bartolomei M. (2002). Do X Chromosomes Set Boundaries. Science, Vol. 295 β. 5553, 287−288.
- Pool J.C., Andrews L.G., Tollefsbol Π’.Π. (2001). Activity, function, and gene regulation of the catalytic subunit of telomerase (hTERT). Gene- 269: 1−12
- Pritchard-Jones K., Fleming S., Davidson D., Bickmore W., Porteous D., Gosden
- C., Bard J., Buckler A., Pelletier J., Housman D., van Heyningen V., Hastie N. (1990). The candidate Wilms' tumor gene is involved in genitourinary development. Nature 346: 194−197
- Quitschke, W.W. Taheny, M.J., Fochtmann, L.J., Vostrov, A.A. (2000). «Differential effect of zinc finger deletions on the binding of CTCF to thepromoter of the amyloid precursor protein gene.» Nucleic Acids Res. 28, 3370−3378
- Qi C., Martensson A., Mattioli M., Dalla-Favera R., Lobanenkov V., and. Morse III H. (2002). CTCF functions as a critical regulator of cell-cycle arrest and death after ligation of the Π cell receptor on immature Π cells, PNAS, Vol. 100, № 2, 633 638.
- Rand E., Ben-Porath I., Keshet I., Cedar H. (2004).CTCF elements direct allele-specific undermethylation at the imprinted H19 locus. Current biology, 14 (11):1007−1012
- Rasko J., Klenova E., Javier Leon J., Galina N. Filippova G., Dmitri I. Loukinov
- Raj G.V., Safak, M., MacDonald, G.H. and Khalili, K. (1996) Transcriptional regulation of human polyomavirus JC: evidence for a functional interaction between RelA (p65) and the Y-box-binding protein, YB-1. J. Virol., 70, 5944−5953
- Recillas-Targa, F., Bell, A.C. and Felsenfeld, G. (1999). Positional enhancer-blocking activity of the chicken beta-globin insulator in transiently transfected cells. PNAS USA 96(25), 14 354−14 359
- Recillas-Targa, F., Valadez-Graham, V. and Farrell, C.M. (2004). Prospects and implications of using chromatin insulators in gene therapy and transgenesis. Bioessays 26(7), 796−807
- Renaud S., Loukinov D., Bosman F., Lobanenkov V., Jean Benhattar (2005). CTCF binds the proximal exonic region of hTERT and inhibits its transcription. Nucleic Acids Research, 2005, Vol. 33, No. 21, 6850−6860
- Robinett, C.C., O’Connor, A. and Dunaway, M. (1997). The repeat organizer, a specialized insulator element within the intergenic spacer of the Xenopus rRNA genes. Mol Cell Biol 17(5), 2866−2875
- Rollins R.A., Morcillo P. and Dorsett D. (1999). Homologue of chromosomal adherins, participates in activation by remote enhancers in the cut and Ultrabithorax genes. Genetics, v.152, 577−593
- Ruppert J., Kinzler K., Wong A., Bigner S., Kao F., Law M., Seuanez H., O’Brien S., Vogelstein B. (1988). The GLI-Kruppel family of human genes. Mol Cell Biol., 8,3104−3113
- Safak M., Gallia, G.L., Ansari, S.A. and Khalili, K. (1999) Physical and functional interaction between the Y-box binding protein YB-1 and human polyomavirus JC virus large T antigen. J. Virol., 73, 10 146−10 157
- Saitoh, N., Bell, A.C., Reeillas-Targa, F" West, A.G., Simpson, M., Pikaart, M., Felsenfeld, G. (2000) «Structural and functional conservation at the boundaries of the chicken fi-globin domain». EMBO J. 19: 2315 2322
- Sambrook P.N., Eisman J.A., Champion G.D., Cohen M.L., Pocock N.A. and Yeates M.G. (1989) Effect of low dose corticosteroids on bone mass in rheumatoid arthritis: a longitudinal study. Ann Rheum Dis. 48: 535−538
- Semenza G.L. (1994). Transcriptional regulation of gene exptession: mechanism and pathophysiology. Human Mutation 3: 180−199
- Szabo, P.E., Pfeifer, G.P., Mann, J.R. (2004) «Parent-of-origin-specific binding of nuclear hormone receptor complexes in the H19-Igf2 imprinting control region». Mol Cell Biol.- 24(11):4858−68
- Szabo P., Tang S., Silva F., Tsark W., and Mann J. (2004). Role of CTCF Binding Sites in the Igf2/H19 Imprinting Control Region, MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOLOGY, Vol. 24, № 11, 4791−4800.
- Takai, D., Gonzales, F.A., Tsai, Y.C. Thayer, M.J., Jones, P.A. (2001) «Large scale mapping of methylcytosines in CTCF-binding sites in the human H19 promoter and aberrant hypomethylation in human bladder cancer». Hum Mol Genet.- 10(23):2619−26
- Theunissen O., Rudt F., Guddat U., Mentzel H., Pieler T. (1992). RNA and DNA binding zing fingers in Xenopus TFIIIA. Cell, 71, 679−690
- Tilghman, S.M. (1999) «The sins of the fathers and mothers: genomic imprinting in mammalian development». Cell. Jan 22- 96(2): 185−93
- Tolhuis, Π., Palstra, R. J, Splinter, E., Grosveld, F., and de Laat, W. 2002. Looping and interaction between hypersensitive sites in the active P-globin locus. Mol. Cell 10: 1453−1465
- Torrano V, Chernukhin I., Docquier F., D’Arcy V, Leon J., Klenova E., Dolgado M. D (2005). CTCF regulates groth and erythroid differentiation of human myeloid leukemia cells. J. Biol. Chem. 280: 28 152−28 161.
- Tsao Y.P., Huang S.J., Chang J.L. (1999). Adenovirus mediated p21(WAFl/SDII/CIPl) gene transfer induces apoptosis of human cervical cancer cell lines. J. Virol, 73,4983−4990
- Tybulewicz, V. L, Crawford, C. E, Jackson, P. K, Bronson, R.T. and Mulligan, R.C. (1991). Neonatal lethality and lymphopenia in mice with a homozygous disruption of the c-abl proto-oncogene. Cell 65(7), 1153−1163
- Yang, X.J., Ogryzko, V. V, Nishikawa, J, Howard, B. H, Nakatani, Y. (1996). «A ΡΠΠΠ/CBP-associated factor that competes with the adenoviral oncoprotein El A.» Nature. 382(6589): 319−24.
- Yusufzai Π’., Tagami H, Nakatani Y, and Felsenfeld G. (2004). CTCF Tethers an Insulator to Subnuclear Sites, Suggesting Shared Insulator Mechanisms across Species. Molecular Cell, Vol. 13, 291−298.
- Valadez-Graham V, Razin S. V, Recillas-Targa (2004). CTCF-dependent enhancer blockers at the upstream region of the chicken a-globin gene domain. Nucleic Acids Res. vol.32 (4) 1354−1362
- Vostrov A.A. and Quitschke W. W (1997). The zinc finger protein CTCF binds to the APB-P domain of the amyloid precursor protein promoter. J. Biol. Chem., 272, 33 353−33 359
- Vostrov, A.A., Taheny, M.J., Quitschke, W.W. (2002). «A Region to the N-terminal Side of the CTCF Zinc Finger Domain Is Essential for Activating Transcription from the Amyloid Precursor Protein Promoter.» J. Biol. Chem. 277: 1619−1627
- Wei G., Liu P., Liang C.(2005). Chromatin domain boundaries: insulator and beyond. Cell Research, 15(4), 292−300
- Wenqiang, Π’., Yi, G., Yu, S., Jung, Π’., DaYe, S. (1997) «Extracellular calmodulin-binding proteins in body fluids of animals». J Endocrinol. Oct- 155(l):13−7
- West, A.G., Gaszner, M., Felsenfeld, G. (2002). «Insulators: many functions, many mechanisms.» Genes Dev. 16: 271−288.
- West A. and Fraser P. (2005). Remote control of gene transcription. Hum.Mol.Genet., 14, R101−110
- Willoughby D.A., Vilalta A., Oshima R.G. (2000). An Alu element from the K18 gene confers position-independent expression in trasgenic mice. J. Biol.Chem. v. 275 (2):759−768
- Wingender E., Dietze P., Karas H., Knuppel R.(1996). TRANSFAC: a database on transcription factors and their DNA binding sites. Nucleic Acids Res., 24(1):238−41
- Ru Zhang, Les J. Burke, John E.J. Rasko, Victor Lobanenkov, Rainer Renkawitza (2004). Dynamic association of the mammalian insulator protein CTCF with centrosomes and the midbody. Experimental Cell Research 294: 86−93
- Zhan H. C., Liu, D.P. et al. (2001). «Insulator: from chromatin domain boundary to gene regulation.» Hum Genet 109(5): 471−478
- Zhao, H. and Dean A. (2004). An insulator blocks spreading of histone acetylation and interferes with RNA polymerase II transfer between an enhancer and gene. Nucleic Acids Res. 32,4903−4919
- Zhong, X.P. and Krangel, M.S. (1997). An enhancer-blocking element between alpha and delta gene segments within the human T cell receptor alpha/delta locus. PNAS USA 94(10), 5219−5224