Π€ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΊΠΎ-Ρ ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π° ΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠΈΠΏΠ° ZSM-5, ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»Π»Π°ΠΌΠΈ
ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ Π² ΠΏΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Π³Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠ°. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡ Π°ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ°Π΅Ρ Π½Π° Π»ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°Ρ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΡΠΈΠ»Ρ, Π° Π·Π° ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΏΠ°Π½-Π±ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΈΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π±ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΡ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π Π€Π, Π‘ΠΠ, EXAFS, Π’ΠΠ, Π’ΠΠ Π2, Π’ΠΠ NH3… Π§ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡ Π΅ΡΡ >
- Π‘ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅
- ΠΡΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΊΠ°
- ΠΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ°
- ΠΡΡΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ
- ΠΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡ Π² Π½Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ
Π‘ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅
- 1. ΠΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅
- 2. ΠΠ±Π·ΠΎΡ Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ
- 2. 1. Π¦Π΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ³Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π‘Π·-Π‘Ρ
- 2. 1. 1. Π’ΠΈΠΏΡ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² Π°ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ
- 2. 1. 2. ΠΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ Π°Π³Π΅Π½ΡΡ
- 2. 1. 3. ΠΠ»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π° Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ° Π½Π° ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΡΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ
- 2. 1. 4. ΠΠ»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ Π³Π°Π·Π°-Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Ρ Π½Π° ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΎΡΠ°
- 2. 1. 5. ΠΠ΅Π·Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² Π°ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ
- 2. 2. ΠΡΠΎΠΌΡΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ³Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ²
- 2. 2. 1. Π¦ΠΈΠΊΠ»Π°Ρ
- 2. 2. 2. ΠΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡ
- 2. 2. 3. ΠΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΠ½Π³
- 2. 2. 4. Π¦Π΅ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΠ½Π³
- 2. 2. 5. Π2-ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΠ½Π³
- 2. 2. 6. ΠΠ»ΡΡΠ°-ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡ
- 2. 3. ΠΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΈΡ ΡΠ³Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ
- 2. 4. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π±ΠΈΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ²
- 2. 4. 1. ΠΡΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠΊΠ°
- 2. 4. 2. ΠΠΈΠ΄ΠΊΠΎΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠ΅Π½
- 2. 4. 3. Π’Π²Π΅ΡΠ΄ΠΎΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠ΅Π½
- 2. 4. 4. ΠΠ°Π½Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ· Π³Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°Π·Ρ
- 2. 4. 5. ΠΠ·ΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅
- 2. 4. 6. Π‘ΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ΄Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄
- 2. 1. Π¦Π΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ³Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π‘Π·-Π‘Ρ
- 3. 1. ΠΡΠΈΠ³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ²
- 3. 1. 1. Π‘ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π· ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠΈΠΏΠ° ZSM
- 3. 1. 2. ΠΠΎΡΡΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ
- 3. 2. ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΊΠΎ — Ρ ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ² ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠΎΠ²
- 3. 3. ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²
- 3. 3. 1. ΠΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ°
- 3. 3. 2. ΠΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ
- 3. 3. 3. Π Π°ΡΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°
- 3. 3. 3. 1. ΠΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΏΠ°Π½Π°
- 3. 3. 3. 2. ΠΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π³Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠ°
- 3. 3. 4. Π₯Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ Π²Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²
- 4. 1. ΠΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΏΠ°Π½Π°
- 4. 1. 1. Π€ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΊΠΎ-Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠΎΠ²
- 4. 1. 1. 1. ΠΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»Π»ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠΎΠ², ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ΄Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ
- 4. 1. 1. 2. ΠΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»Π»ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ Π² Π²ΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅
- 4. 1. 1. 3. ΠΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠΎΠ²
- 4. 1. 2. ΠΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π° ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ
- 4. 1. 2. 1. ΠΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΏΠ°Π½Π° Π½Π° ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ
- 4. 1. 2. 2. ΠΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΏΠ°Π½Π° Π½Π° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»Π»ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ
- 4. 1. 2. 3. ΠΠ»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΏΡΠΈΠ³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π° ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡ Π°ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΏΠ°Π½Π°
- 4. 1. 1. Π€ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΊΠΎ-Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠΎΠ²
- 4. 2. 1. ΠΠ»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π° ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΎΡΠ° Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ Π³Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠ°
- 4. 2. 1. 1. ΠΡΠ±ΠΎΡ ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ
- 4. 2. 1. 2. ΠΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ² ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠΎΠ² H/ZSM-5 ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π°
- 4. 2. 1. 3. ΠΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠΎΠ², ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»Π»Π°ΠΌΠΈ
- 4. 2. 1. 4. ΠΠ»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π° ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π³Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠ°
- 4. 2. 1. 5. Π ΠΎΠ»Ρ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠΏΠ° Π² ΠΏΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π³Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠ°
- 4. 2. 1. 6. ΠΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π° ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ², ΠΏΡΠΈΠ³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ
- 4. 2. 1. 7. Π‘ΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ², ΠΏΡΠΈΠ³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ
- 4. 2. 2. ΠΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ
Π€ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΊΠΎ-Ρ ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π° ΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠΈΠΏΠ° ZSM-5, ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»Π»Π°ΠΌΠΈ (ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Ρ, ΠΊΡΡΡΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ, Π΄ΠΈΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ)
Π¦Π΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΎΡΡ, ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»Π»Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ, ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΡΡΡ Π² Π½Π΅ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π±Π°ΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΡΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ. Π’ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ² ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠΊΠ° V. Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΎΠ² Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠΈΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ°. ΠΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ ΡΡΠΎΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ Π½Π΅ Π²ΡΠ΅Π³Π΄Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ Π΄ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ° Π² ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Ρ, ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΌ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π° Π²Π½Π΅ΡΠ½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΎΠ² ΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ², ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ°Π΅Ρ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ. Π ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ Ρ ΡΡΠΈΠΌ, ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ° Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ², ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ°, ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠΉ Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Ρ.
Π ΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ° Π² ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·Π° ΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ°Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠ°ΠΏΡΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ Π²ΡΡΡΠ°ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π°ΡΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»Π»Π° Π² ΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ, Π²ΠΎ Π²ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°Π·Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ° Π² ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»Ρ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ°. ΠΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ, Π΅ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ, ΡΠΎ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»Π»ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ , ΠΏΡΠΈΠ³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠ°ΠΏΡΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, Π² Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ΅ Π²ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΊΡΠ°ΠΉΠ½Π΅ ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΊΠΎ. ΠΡΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ»Π°Π²Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ Π°ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ, Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π° ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΡ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΈΠ³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π±ΠΈΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠ°ΠΏΡΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ.
Π Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ Ρ ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΎΠ², Π²Π½Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π² ΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ½ΠΈ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΡΡΠ°Π½Ρ Π² ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°Ρ Π°ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΏΠ°Π½Π° ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π³Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠ° Π² Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΎΠΊΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ²Π°. ΠΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Π² ΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΡΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡΠ°Π±Π°Ρ , ΠΈ ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ, ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ², Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈ ΠΊ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡ.
2. ΠΠΠΠΠ ΠΠΠ’ΠΠ ΠΠ’Π£Π Π«.
4.3. ΠΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ.
1. Π Π°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·Π° ΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠΈΠΏΠ° ZSM-5, ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ Π½Π° ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π°Π»ΡΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π³Π΅Π»Ρ Π² ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΎΠ². ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»Π»Π°-ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ° (Zn, Π‘ΠΎ, Ni, Fe) Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Ρ Π½Π° ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΡ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΎΠ² ΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ².
2. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π Π€Π, Π‘ΠΠ, EXAFS, Π’ΠΠ, Π’ΠΠ Π2, Π’ΠΠ NH3 ΠΈ ΠΠΠ‘ Π°Π΄ΡΠΎΡΠ±ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»-Π·ΠΎΠ½Π΄ΠΎΠ² ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ²Π΅ΠΆΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Ρ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΡ ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Zn, Π‘ΠΎ, Ni, Π° Π² ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ FeΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΡ. ΠΠΎΡΡΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ (Π‘ΠΎ) Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ (Zn, Ni) ΠΏΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄.
3. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ² Zn-coΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·Π΅Ρ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π°Π»ΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ². ΠΠ°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠ°, ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠ΅Π΅ 2 ΠΌΠ°Ρ.% ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΠ΅Π΅ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π²ΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄ Π°ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΡΠ³Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ².
4. Π£ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠ° ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ΄Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΊ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π’ Π°ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΏΠ°Π½Π° ΠΈ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΎΡΠ° Π² ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π³Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠ° Π² Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΎΠΊΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΉ Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠ½.
5. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ Π² ΠΏΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Π³Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠ°. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡ Π°ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ°Π΅Ρ Π½Π° Π»ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°Ρ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΡΠΈΠ»Ρ, Π° Π·Π° ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΏΠ°Π½-Π±ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΈΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π±ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΡ.
6. Π Π°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΎΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΎΠΊΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ ΡΠΎΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ² ΠΈΠ· Π³Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΏΡΡΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠ½Π°, ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠ½ ΠΠ-92 ΠΈ ΠΠ-80 Ρ Π²ΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΆΠΈΠ΄ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ 50−60 ΠΈ 60−75%, ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ. Π Ρ ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ ΠΏΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΈΡΠΏΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΡΠ΅Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π³ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΎΡΠ° ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ» 300−450 ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ².
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