IL-4?2-Π°Π»ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½Π°Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ° IL-4: ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ° ΡΠ΅ΡΡ-ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ
Eric T. Wang, Rickard Sandberg, Shujun Luo, Irina Khrebtukova, Lu Zhang, Christine Mayr, Stephen F. Kingsmore, Gary P. Schroth & Christopher B. Burge. Alternative isoform regulation in human tissue transcriptomes Nature, 2008 — 456: 470β476. Eisenberg S.P., Evans R. J., Arend W.P., Verberder E., Brewer M.T., Hannum C.H., Thompson R.C. Primary structure and functional expression from complementary… Π§ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡ Π΅ΡΡ >
Π‘ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅
ΠΠΏΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡ ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΌ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π±ΡΠΎΠ½Ρ ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΡΡΠΌΡ Π² ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΡ Π½Π°Ρ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎ 10−15%, Π° Π°Π»Π»Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ° — Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ 20%. ΠΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ΅ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΡΠΈΠ»Π΅ΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π΄Π²ΡΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅ΠΉ, Π΄Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ Π°Π»Π»Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ, ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π° Π΅ΡΠ΅ Π½Π΅ΡΡΠ½Ρ [67]. ΠΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΌΡ, ΠΎΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡ Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΎΠΊ Π² ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ½Π΄Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ΅, ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠ΅ ΠΈ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π°Π»Π»Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΈΠΈ [25,49,50,51,52,53, 88, 89].
Π‘ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π’-ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ (Π‘Π4+) ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Π²Π°ΡΡ Π°Π»Π»Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΡ Π²ΡΠ±ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ² ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠΌ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ Π² ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·Π° 1§-Π, Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ, Π±Π°Π·ΠΎΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ², ΠΈ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΠ°Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ° ΡΡΠ΄Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΡΡ Π΄Π²ΡΠΌΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠ±ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ Π’-Ρ Π΅Π»ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² — Π’Ρ 1 ΠΈ Π’Ρ 2, ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈ Π’Ρ Π. ΠΡΠΈ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈ, Π² ΡΠ²ΠΎΡ ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Ρ, Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡΡΡΡΡΡ Π’-ΡΠΏΠΈΡΠΎΠΏΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π°Π»Π»Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π·Π°ΡΡΡΡ Π² Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠ³Π΅Π½-ΡΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΈ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΡΡ Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π³Π»Π°Π²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ° Π³ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π²ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠ° (ΠΠΠ‘-Π). Π£ Π°ΡΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ Π’-ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ°Ρ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈ, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ Π² ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ°Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ° Π°Π»Π»Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ ΡΡΠ±ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ Ρ Π’Ρ 2-ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΠΌ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΉ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠ½Ρ Π’Ρ 2-ΡΠΈΠΏΠ°: 1Π¬-4,1Π¬-5,11−10 ΠΈ 1Π¬-13. ΠΡΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΡ Π-Π»ΠΈΠΌΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ², ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ², Π΄Π΅Π½Π΄ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ±ΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΎΠ², ΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π» Π-ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ-ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΡΠΈΠΏΠ° Π½Π° 1^Π-ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΡΠΈΠΏ. Π‘ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Ρ, ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈ Π’Ρ 1-ΡΠΈΠΏΠ°, Π·Π°Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π² ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π·Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡ ΡΡΠΆΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠ³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ², ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠ½Ρ Ρ «Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π»Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ» ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π°ΠΌΠΈ: 1Π¬-2, 1Π¬-12, βN-7. Π£ Π»ΠΈΡ Ρ Π°Π»Π»Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎ ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΈΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ [67,90]. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΡ
Π-Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π», Π² ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΌ, Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΡ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ² 1Π¬-4 ΠΈ Ρ-ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ½Π°, Π° ΡΠ³Π½Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈ 1Π¬-4 ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ, ΠΏΠΎ-Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠΌΡ, ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΊ Π°Π»Π»Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ.
1Π¬-4 ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΉ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΊ Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠΉ 15 ΠΊΠΠ°, ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π’-Π»ΠΈΠΌΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, ΡΡΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ Π±Π°Π·ΠΎΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΌΠΈ. ΠΠ½ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΌ, ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΌΡ Π½Π΅ ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π²ΠΎ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΈΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄ ΡΡΠ΄Π° ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ, Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π»Π΅ΠΉΡΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΎΠ·Π΅, ΠΏΡΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π΅, ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ·Π΅, Π°Π»Π»Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΡ ΠΈ Π°ΡΡΠΌΠ΅. ΠΠ΅Π΄Π°Π²Π½ΠΎ Π±ΡΠ» ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ 1Π¬-4 Ρ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π°Π»ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡ ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠ° — 1Π¬-452. ΠΠ»ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½Π°Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ° Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠ° 1Π¬-482 ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π² ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ Π΅ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π»ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΏΠ»Π°ΠΉΡΠΈΠ½Π³Π° Π³Π΅Π½Π° 1Π¬-4, ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΡΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΡ Π²ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΊΠ·ΠΎΠ½Π°, ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠΈ 22−37, ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΊΠ·ΠΎΠ½Ρ 1, 3, 4 Π³Π΅Π½Π° 1Π¬-4 ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ ΠΎΡΠΊΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΊΡ ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ. Π ΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ°Ρ ΠΈ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ Π±ΡΠΎΠ½Ρ ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ΄Π°ΡΠ° ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ ΠΠ 1Π¬-482 Π²ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ ΠΌΠ ΠΠ 1Π¬-4, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΎ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ 1Π¬-482. Π£ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ 1Π¬-482 (ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ) ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Π’- Π»ΠΈΠΌΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ², Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅Ρ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΠΉ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠ° Π·Π° ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ . ΠΠ· ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΡ Π² Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅Ρ, ΡΡΠΎ 1Π¬-482 ΡΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π² ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π² ΡΠΈΠΌΡΡΠ΅ ΠΈ Π΄ΡΡ Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΏΡΡΡΡ , ΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡ 1Π¬-4 [14, 120, 126]. ΠΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°ΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ 1Π¬-482 ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·Π°Π, ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠΈΠΌ ΠΊ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ Π² ΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅/ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΊΠ΅ ΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ-ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅Π½Π΅ΠΉ — ΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΈ Π±Π°Π·ΠΎΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ². ΠΡΠΎ, Π² ΡΠ²ΠΎΡ ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Ρ, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π’Ρ 2/Π’Ρ 1 Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·Ρ Π’Ρ 1 ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ, ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ-ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΊ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌΡ Π°Π»Π»Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΈ ΡΠ³Π½Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ°Π½Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΡΠ°Π·Ρ Π°Π»Π»Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ° Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π²ΡΠ±ΡΠΎΡΠ° ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ², Π³ΠΈΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΈ Π»Π΅ΠΉΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ².
Π ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ Ρ ΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π·ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ½Π³, 1Π¬-452 ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π² ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π²Π°Π»Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π°ΡΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π±ΡΠΎΠ½Ρ ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΡΡΠΌΠ΅ ΠΈ Π°Π»Π»Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ°Ρ , Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ Π² ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΡ . ΠΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΌ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠ½Π° Π² ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ Π² ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ Π°ΡΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ·Π°ΠΌΠΈ.
Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ: Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ² 1Π¬-4 ΠΈ 1Π¬-482, ΠΏΠΎΠΈΡΠΊ Π΄ΠΈΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π» Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ², ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ° ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ 1Π¬-452 Π² Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Ρ .
ΠΠ°Π΄Π°ΡΠΈ:
1. ΠΠ·ΡΡΠΈΡΡ ΡΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ² 1Π¬-4 ΠΈ 1Π¬-452.
2. ΠΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π²Π΅ΡΠΎΡΡΠ½ΡΡ Π-Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ² Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ² 1Π¬-4 ΠΈ 1Π¬-452.
3. Π‘ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ², ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΡ Π-Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΠΎΠΏΡ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡΡ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ².
4. ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π°, ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊ 1Π¬-4 ΠΈ 1Π¬-452.
5. ΠΠ·ΡΡΠΈΡΡ Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ°Π½ΡΡ Π΄ΠΈΠ·Π°ΠΉΠ½Π° ΡΠ΅ΡΡ-ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ 1Π¬-452.
ΠΠ°ΡΡΠ½Π°Ρ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ·Π½Π° ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ:
ΠΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ² ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ° — 1Π¬-4 ΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π°Π»ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΏΠ»Π°ΠΉΡΠΈΠ½Π³-Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ°Π½ΡΠ° 1Π¬-482. ΠΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΡ Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π° ΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΄Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ ΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ², Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π-ΡΠΏΠΈΡΠΎΠΏΡ. ΠΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎ, ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π΄Π»Ρ 1Π¬-482. ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ 1Π¬-482 Π² Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Ρ . ΠΠΎΡΡΡΠΏΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΠΎΡΠΊΡΡΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠ² ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ² Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ 1Π¬-4, Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΌΠ ΠΠ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΠΉ.
ΠΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ:
ΠΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Ρ ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ 1Π¬-452, ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π°Π½ΡΠ°Π³ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ 1Π¬-4, Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π²Π°Π»Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π°Π»Π»Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΡ , Π°ΡΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π±ΡΠΎΠ½Ρ ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΡΡΠΌΠ΅ ΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ°Ρ , Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ Π² ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΡ . ΠΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΌ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠ½Π° Π² ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ Π² ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ Π°Π»Π»Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ.
Π Π°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΡ-ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ 1Π¬-452 Π² Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ Π±ΡΡΡ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° Π² ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ½Π³Π΅ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ 1Π¬-4.
Π‘ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΡ-ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Ρ ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΏΠ»Π°ΠΉΡΠΈΠ½Π³-ΡΠΎΡΠΌ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ².
IL-4?2-Π°Π»ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½Π°Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ° IL-4: ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ° ΡΠ΅ΡΡ-ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ (ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Ρ, ΠΊΡΡΡΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ, Π΄ΠΈΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ)
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